WASHINGTON (AP) -- Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke told Congress Tuesday the fragile economy is facing "numerous difficulties" despite the Fed's aggressive interest rate reductions and other fortifying steps.
At the same time, Bernanke, testifying before the Senate Banking Committee, sounded another warning that rising prices for energy and food are elevating inflation risks. This problem looms even as officials try to cope with persistent strains in financial markets, rising joblessness and housing problems.
The situation, he said, poses "significant challenges" for Fed policymakers as they try to chart the best course for keeping the economy growing, while making sure inflation doesn't dangerously flare up. All the economy's problems -- including slumping home values, which threaten to make people feel less wealthy and less inclined to spend in the months ahead -- represent "significant downside risks" to economic growth.The two companies hold or guarantee more than $5 trillion in mortgages -- almost half of the nation's total. The Bush administration is asking Congress to temporarily increase lines of credit to Fannie and Freddie and to let the government buy their stock. The Fed has offered to let the companies draw emergency loans.
One possible explanation goes like this --> a simple individual trading account - many institutional traders have margins they can extend to purchase additional shares of a company.
On a day where market drops so much - their margin call is up and the
investor will either need to sell some securities or make additional cash
payments to cover the decreased margin.
Another explanation is due to naked short sellers who
doesn't actually own shares of the company - but profit from the vaule drop of
the company. This practise has received alot of public attention lately and in
fact SEC is stepping in to limit short selling of FMN and FRE.
http://atlanta.bizjournals.com/atlanta/stories/2008/07/14/daily35.html?ana=yfcpc
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